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The short-term IP dosing triggered DNA repair and inflammatory TNF-alpha/NF-kB pathways in females, which are canonical responses to metabolic stress or tissue injury
Its activation removes the inhibition of CPT1, thereby increasing mitochondrial fatty acid import, as it phosphorylates and deactivates ACC, reducing malonyl-CoA levels (114)
(8) Matthew Tucker, Addison Keely, Joo Young Park, Manuela Rosenfeld, et al (2023) Intranasal GHK peptide enhances resilience to cognitive decline in aging mice bioRxiv [Preprint], 2023 Nov 17:2023.11.16.567423
It has been proposed that levels of GABA and its receptors are one of the mechanisms by which the microbiome might modify HPA axis function by inhibiting the activation of CRH-neurons [233]